What is VIM thalamus?

2021-02-09 by No Comments

What is VIM thalamus?

The ventral intermediate nucleus (VIM) of the thalamus is an established surgical target for stereotactic ablation and deep brain stimulation (DBS) in the treatment of tremor in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and essential tremor (ET).

What techniques are used to view the thalamus?

The current study reports precise and efficient methods for measuring the whole thalamus and the MD with MRI that have a high degree of interrater reliability. A multispectral image acquisition and novel image processing technique were used to improve structure visibility.

What are thalamic volumes?

Thalamic volume predicts performance on tests of cognitive speed and decreases in healthy aging. A magnetic resonance imaging-based volumetric analysis. Brain Res Cogn Brain Res.

What does a thalamic stimulator do?

A thalamic stimulator is a medical device that can suppress tremors, such as those caused by Parkinson’s disease or essential tremor.

What is STN in the brain?

The subthalamic nucleus (STN) has been regarded as an important modulator of basal ganglia output. It receives its major afferents from the cerebral cortex, thalamus, globus pallidus externus and brainstem, and projects mainly to both segments of the globus pallidus, substantia nigra, striatum and brainstem.

What is the function of globus pallidus?

The main function of the globus pallidus is to control conscious and proprioceptive movements. The GPe is the intrinsic nucleus, whereas the GPi is the output nucleus. The intrinsic nucleus acts as a relay for information. The output nucleus, primarily, sends information to the thalamus.

What happens when the thalamus is damaged?

Speech and Cognitive Therapy While thalamus damage primarily causes sensory problems, it can also lead to behavioral and cognitive changes. For example, many patients with a thalamus injury have incorrect speech patterns and can struggle to find the right words. Others display apathy and memory problems.

What is the thalamus?

The thalamus is a paired gray matter structure of the diencephalon located near the center of the brain. It is above the midbrain or mesencephalon, allowing for nerve fiber connections to the cerebral cortex in all directions — each thalamus connects to the other via the interthalamic adhesion.

What are thalamic nuclei?

The thalamic nuclei are the clusters of densely packed neuronal cell bodies that comprise the thalamus. The thalamus is an ovoid, paired gray matter structure, found in the center of the brain, just superior to the brainstem. Each side of the thalamus contains six groups of nuclei; Anterior nuclei of thalamus.

How is DBS surgery performed?

Deep brain stimulation involves implanting an electrode deep within your brain. The amount of stimulation delivered by the electrode is controlled by a pacemaker-like device placed under the skin in your chest. A wire that travels under your skin connects the device to the electrode.

Where is the Vim thalamus located in the body?

Vim Thalamus. The ventral intermediate nucleus of the thalamus (Vim) or its afferent axonal projections is currently the most widely accepted current surgical target for tremor (13). Vim thalamotomy is highly effective but can be associated with motor, sensory, cerebellar, speech, and other complications (14).

What are the names of the thalamic nuclei?

List of thalamic nuclei. Thalamic nuclei: MNG = Midline nuclear group. AN = Anterior nuclear group. MD = Medial dorsal nucleus. VNG = Ventral nuclear group. VA = Ventral anterior nucleus. VL = Ventral lateral nucleus. VPL = Ventral posterolateral nucleus.

How are ventral thalamic nuclei identified in MR imaging?

CONCLUSIONS: The ventral thalamic nuclei can be identified on MR imaging by using reference structures such as the PT and the IML. The Vim and VPL are important target regions of the thalamus for DBS. The Vim is the thalamic relay of the CTC; it sends projections primarily to the motor cortex (area 4).

Is there deep brain stimulation of the thalamic ventral intermediate?

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the thalamic ventral intermediate nucleus (Vim) is an efficacious and reversible standard of care that has largely replaced Vim thalamotomy for the amelioration of tremor ( Benabid et al., 1991, 1993, 1996; Nguyen and Degos, 1993; Deiber et al., 1993 ).