What causes Sclerotinia sclerotiorum?

2020-05-13 by No Comments

What causes Sclerotinia sclerotiorum?

sclerotiorum causes Sclerotinia stem rot, or simply white mold. Common beans are also very susceptible to white mold. Three distinct diseases of sunflower are caused by S. sclerotiorum: wilt disease produced by a basal stem infection, and head rot and middle stalk rot, both developing from ascospore infections.

What is sclerotinia sclerotiorum?

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a notorious plant fungal pathogen with a broad host range including many important crops, such as oilseed rape, soybean, and numerous vegetable crops.

What is sclerotia plant pathology?

sclerotiorum can also be known as cottony rot, watery soft rot, stem rot, drop, crown rot and blossom blight. A key characteristic of this pathogen is its ability to produce black resting structures known as sclerotia and white fuzzy growths of mycelium on the plant it infects.

Which fungus produces sclerotia?

Examples of fungi that form sclerotia are ergot (Claviceps purpurea), Polyporus tuberaster, Psilocybe mexicana, Sclerotium delphinii and many species in Sclerotiniaceae. Although not fungal, the plasmodium of slime molds can form sclerotia in adverse environmental conditions.

How do I get rid of sclerotinia stem rot?

Fungicides are the most effective management tool to control sclerotinia stem rot in canola when the risk of infection is high.

How do you control Sclerotinia sclerotiorum?

There are essentially three methods of controlling Sclerotinia sclerotiorum; chemical, cultural, and biological control. Chemical and cultural control is most widely used, while biological control is used to a lesser degree. The only chemical control that is employed to control S.

How do I get rid of Sclerotinia stem rot?

What is sunflower disease?

There are three distinct diseases caused by S. sclerotiorum on sunflower – (1) Sclerotinia root rot, Basal stalk rot, and wilt; (2) Sclerotinia stem rot; and (3) Sclerotinia head rot and midstalk rot.

Is snow fungus same as white fungus?

What is it? White fungus is an edible mushroom that belongs to the Tremellaceae family ( 1 ). It’s also known as snow fungus, silver ear, snow ear, white wood ear, and white jelly mushroom — due to its characteristic features and because it’s generally found attached to fallen branches of broad-leaved trees.

Why does skin fungus keep coming back?

The tendency for fungus to recur in many adults, especially on the feet and toenails, is a genetic condition. Their skin cannot recognize the fungus as foreign and get rid of it. After having a fungus there for a while the body’s immune system learns to live with the fungus and no longer tries to get rid of it.

What kind of crops are affected by Sclerotinia?

The pathogen has an extensive host range of over 370 plant species and causes diseases on a wide variety of crops such as sunflower, dry bean, canola, alfalfa, buckwheat, lupine, mustard, potato, Jerusalem artichoke, safflower, lentil, flax, field peas and many vegetables.

When do you lose a crop to sclerotia?

When a field with white mold is harvested the seed is almost always contaminated with sclerotia. Yield losses usually occur when incidence of disease is 15% or greater. Yield losses can range from to 1.3 to 3.7 bu/A for every 10% increase in disease incidence.

When to plant soybeans with Sclerotinia disease?

It can cause major seed yield reductions when soybeans are planted in infested soil and there is a dense plant canopy with prolonged periods of wet weather (a major factor in disease development). The disease is rarely observed during dry periods in July and August.

When is the best time to plant sclerotia?

The disease is rarely observed during dry periods in July and August. Besides seed yield reductions, the disease also results in reduced seed quality and seed contaminated with the black sclerotia of the fungus. Sclerotinia overwinters as sclerotia in soil.